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July 14, July 17, Why do people obey? Perspectives on Psychological Science , 7, Share this: Tweet. Like this: Like Loading Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85 , — Heath, T. Spokesperson fame and vividness effects in the context of issue-relevant thinking: The moderating role of competitive setting. Journal of Consumer Research, 20 , — Henrich, J. The evolution of prestige: Freely conferred status as a mechanism for enhancing the benefits of cultural transmission.
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Skip to content 6. Influencing and Conforming. Compare the different types of power proposed by John French and Bertram Raven and explain how they produce conformity. References "Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse. Nicholas P. The Japanese Number System. From the Inquiries Journal Blog. Related Reading Psychology » Social Psychology. Literature » World War I. Theology » Old Testament. Political Science » Arms Control. Monthly Newsletter Signup The newsletter highlights recent selections from the journal and useful tips from our blog.
Follow us to get updates from Inquiries Journal in your daily feed. Subjects were instructed to administer increasingly strong electric shocks via a specially designed fake shock generator to a victim in another room, even when MORE ». Mortal glory is fleeting. The Old Testament generally does not concern itself with militant triumph or climactic discovery. Taken as a whole unit, it is a product of the post-exilic period[2], for even its oldest pieces underwent editing to suit the purposes of authors addressing an audience Old Testament Judaism Exile Persecution.
This was a staggering proposal. The US would retain strategic nuclear forces for an indefinite period to uphold national security. Follow IJ. Latest in Psychology Behavioral Psychology. Gender Theory vs. The question of what it means to be a gendered individual has been left unanswered in light of its variants. Read Article ». Positive Psychology. Positive affect PA is active, enthusiastic, and happy engagement in pleasurable activities and negative affect NA includes aversiveness, anger, and fear Watson et al.
Just how powerful is the pressure to obey? Unbeknownst to the participant, the person supposedly receiving the shocks was actually in on the experiment and was merely acting out responses to imaginary shocks. During the early s, social psychologist Philip Zimbardo staged an exploration into the study of prisoners and prison life. He set up a mock prison in the basement of the Stanford University psychology department and assigned his participants to play the roles of either prisoners or guards, with Zimbardo himself acting as the prison warden.
The study had to be discontinued after a mere 6 days even though it was originally slated to last 2 weeks. Why did the researchers end the experiment so early? Because the participants had become so involved in their roles, with the guards utilizing authoritarian techniques to gain the obedience of the prisoners. In some cases, the guards even subjected the prisoners to psychological abuse, harassment, and physical torture. The results of the Stanford Prison Experiment are often used to demonstrate how easily people are influenced by characteristics of the roles and situations they are cast in, but Zimbardo also suggested that environmental factors play a role in how prone people are to obey authority.
Milgram's experiments set the stage for future investigations into obedience, and the subject quickly became a hot topic within social psychology. But what exactly do psychologists mean when they talk about obedience? The same basic result in consistently obtained: many people readily accept the influence of an authority, even when that means causing potential harm to another person.
One interesting application of this concept has been to the nurse-physician relationship. Several studies have shown that nurses will often carry out the orders of a physician even when there is a good reason to believe that potential harm could come to the patient.
High school students were found to be even more willing to obey orders. Cross-cultural research in other Western cultures has also yielded high rates of obedience using Milgram's procedure. Unfortunately, it seems as though Milgram's results were not flukes. By no means.
The Asch and Milgram experiments have been repeated in many societies, where they have yielded results roughly similar to those seen in the United States. Thus the phenomena of conformity and obedience seem to transcend culture
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